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Semestrul I
- General Pathology
1.a Cell injury: atrophy, hypertrophy, hyperplasia, metaplasia, dysplasia, calcification, hyaline, hydropic swelling, oxidative stress, intracellular storage, morphology of necrosis, apoptosis, ischemia/reperfusion injury
1.b Inflammation: acute inflammation, plasma-derived mediators of inflammation, cell-derived mediators of inflammation, extracellular matrix mediators, cells of inflammation, regulation of inflammation, outcomes of acute inflammation, chronic inflammation, cells involved in chronic inflammation, injury and repair in chronic inflammation, granulomatous inflammation, chronic inflammation and malignancy, systemic manifestations of inflammation.
1.c Repair, regeneration and fibrosis: the basic processes of healing, migration of cells, extracellular matrix, remodelling, cell proliferation, repair and regeneratin, wound healing, stem cells, conditions that modify repair – local factors, repair patterns, suboptimal wound repair.
1.d Hemodynamic disorders: normal circulation, hyperemia, hemorrhage, thrombosis, embolism, infarction, edema, fluid loss and overload, shock.
1.e Immunopathology: biology of the immune system, immunologically mediated tissue injury, immunodeficiency diseases, autoimmunity and autoimmune diseases, immune reactions to transplanted tissues, HIV and AIDS.
1.f Developmental and genetic diseases: principles of teratology, chromosomal abnormalities, mitochondrial diseases, diseases of infancy and childhood, prematurity and intrauterine growth retardation, neoplasms of infancy and childhood.
1.g Environmental and nutritional pathology: smoking, alcoholism, drug abuse, iatrogenic drug injury, sex hormones (oral contraceptives, postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy), enviromental chemicals, thermal regulatory disfunction, altitude-related injuries, physical injuries, radiation, nutritional disorders (protein-calorie malnutrition, vitamin deficiencies, diabetus mellitus, obesity).
1.h Neoplasia: benign versus malignant tumors, classification of neoplasms, histologic diagnosis of malignancy, invasion and metastasis, grading and staging of metastasis, the clonal origin of cancer, the growth of cancers, the molecular genetics of cancers, viruses and human cencer, chemical carcinogenesis, physical carcinogenesis, tumor immunology, systemic effects of cancer on the host, epidemiology of cancer.
Semestrul II:
- Special Pathology
2.a The respiratory system: congenital anomalies of the lungs, diseases of bronchi and bronchioles, infections, acute respiratory distress syndrome, obstructive pulmonary diseases, pneumoconioses, interstitial lung diseases, lung transplantation, pulmonary transplantation, pulmonary hamrtoma, carcinom of the lung, the pleura, pneumothorax, pleural effusion, pleuritis, tumors of the pleura (solitary fibrous tumor of the pleura, malignant mesothelioma).
2.b Blood vessels: hemostasis and thrombosis, atherosclerosis, hypertensive vascular disease, Monckeberg medial sclerosis, Raynaud phenomenon, vasculitis, aneurysms, veins pathology, lymphatic vessels pathology, benign tumors of blood vessels, tumors of lymphatic system.
2.c The heart: congenital heart diseases, myocardial hypertrophy and heart failure, ischemic heart disease, hypertensive heart disease, cor pulmonale, valvular and endocardial diseases, myocarditis, metabolic diseases of the heart, cardiomyopathy, sudden cardiac death, cardiac tumors, diseases of the pericardium (acute pericarditis, constrictive pericarditis).
2.d The gastrointestinal tract: congenital disorders of the esophagus, motor disorders of the esophagus, hiatal hernia, esophagitis, Barrett’s esophagus, esophageal varices, neoplasms of the esophagus, congenital disorders of the stomach, gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, neoplasms of the stomach, congenital disorders of the small and large intestine, infections, vascular diseases of the intestine, malabsorbtion, neoplasms of the intestine, inflammatory bowel disease, diverticular disease, radiation enterocolitis, solitary rectal ulcer syndrome, polyps of the small and large intestine, the pathology of the appendix, the pathology of the peritoneum, neoplasms of the peritoneum.
2.e The liver and biliary system: functions of the liver, bilirubin metabolism and the mechanisms of jaundice, cirrhosis, hepatic failure, portal hypertension, viral hepatitis (acute and chronic), autoimmune hepatitis, alcoholic liver disease, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, primary biliary cirrhosis, hereditary hemochromatosis, toxic liver injury, vascular disorders,, cholestatic syndromes of infancy, benign tumors of the liver, hepatocarcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, hepatoblastoma, hemangiosarcoma, metastatic cancer, liver transplantation, cholelithiasis, acute and chronic cholecystitis, cholesterolosis, benign tumors of the gallblader, adenocarcinoma, carcinoma of the bile duct and the ampulla of Vater.
2.f The pancreas: congenital anomalies of the pancreas, acute and chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic exocrine cancer, pathology of the endocrine pancreas, pancreatic endocrine tumors.
2.g The kidney: congenital anomalies, acquired cystic kidney diseases, glomerular diseases, diseases of tubules and interstitium, renal stones (nephrolithiasis and urolithiasis), obstructive uropathy and hydronephrosis, renal transplantation, benign tumors of the kidney, malignant tumors of the kidney: nephroblastoma, renal cell carcinoma, transitional cell carcinoma.
2.h The lower urinary tract and male reproductive system: congenital disorders of the renal pelvis and the ureter, uretritis and ureteral obstruction, tumors of the renal pelvis and the ureter, congenital disorders of the urinary bladder, cystitis, tumors of the urinary bladder, congenital disorders of the penis, inflammatory disorders, tumors of the penis, epididymitis, male infertility, orchitis, tumors of the testis, prostate (prostatitis, nodular hyperplasia of the prostate, adenocarcinoma of the prostate).
2.i The female reproductive system: genital infections, pathology of the vulva, pathology of the vagina, cervicitis, benign tumors of the cervix, squamous cell neoplasia,, endocervical adenocarcinoma, endometritis, endometriosis, adenomyosis, hormonal effects on the endometrium, endometrial tumors (endometrial polyp, endometrial hyperplasia, endometrial adenocarcinoma, endometrial stromal tumors, leyomiosarcoma), salpingitis, ectopic pregnancy, ovarian tumors (benign and malignant), placenta and gestational disease, gestational trophoblastic disease.
2.j The breast pathology: congenital anomalies, gynecomastia, acute mastitis, duct ectasia, fat necrosis, granulomatous mastitis, fibrocystic change (proliferative and non – proliferative, sclerosisng adenosis), fibroadenoma, intraductal papillomas, carcinoma of the breast, (hereditary factors, non-hereditary factors, carcinoma in situ, invasive carcinoma, metastases, prognostic factors, treatment, prognostic factors, carcinoma of the male breast, phyllodes tumor (benign, borderline and malignant).
2.k Hematopathology: normal hemostasis, hemostatic disorders of the blood vessels, platelet disorders, coagulopathies, hypercoagulability, leukemias and myelodisplastic syndromes, malignant lymphomas, disorders of the spleen, agenesis and dysplasia of the thymus, hyperplasia of the thymus, thymoma.
2.l The endocrine system: pituitary adenomas, congenital anomalies of the thyroid gland, non – toxic goiter, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, Graves disease, toxic multinodular goiter, toxic adenoma, thyroiditis, (acute and chronic, including Hashimoto and Riedel), follicular adenoma, thyroid cancer (papillary, follicular, medullary, anaplastic, lymphoma of the thyroid gland), parathyroid gland pathology, adrenal cortex pathology, adrenal medulla and paraganglia (pheochromocytoma, neuroblastoma), neoplasms of the pineal gland.
2.m The skin pathology: diseases of the epidermis, diseases of the basement membrane zone, scleroderma, skin sarcoidosis, infections of the skin, primary neoplasms of the skin: benign nevus, atypical nevus, malignant melanoma, keratosis, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, Merkel cell carcinoma, HIV infection and the skin.
2.n The nervous system: cerebral hematomas, vascular malformations, meningitis, multiple sclerosis, neurodegenerative diseses, tumors of the CHS (oligodendroglioma, ependymoma, medulloblastoma, ganglioglioma, metastatic tumors, peripheral tumors – schwannoma, neurofibroma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor.
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8 h
Total : 32 h
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Total: 32 h
Total : 64 h
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Anatomie patologica